Out of the 50 dogs enrolled, 48 completed the study on Day 84.Įfficacy (% mite reduction) = 100 × Dogs were managed under normal conditions by their owners. Owners were questioned at each visit about any abnormal observation seen during the study period. Personnel involved in the assessment of product efficacy were not blinded to treatment as there was no negative control group, and the primary efficacy variable was the comparison of the mite count with the initial pre-treatment count for each individual dog. Treated animals were observed for at least 5 min after each administration to ensure that the chew was swallowed. Dogs were weighed before each treatment for appropriate dose determination. ![]() At least 30% of the dogs were required to be treated with NexGard Spectra®. anthelmintic activity of milbemycin oxime. The veterinarian could choose NexGard® or NexGard Spectra® based on the needs of the client, i.e. The purpose of the present field study was to assess the efficacy of monthly oral administration of afoxolaner in two different formulations, alone (NexGard®) and in combination with milbemycin oxime (NexGard Spectra®) against generalised canine demodicosis in the European pet dog population.Īfter inclusion, each dog was treated orally three times at monthly intervals (Days 0, 28 and 56) with the marketed formulations of NexGard® (2.7 mg/kg afoxolaner) or NexGard Spectra® (2.5 mg/kg afoxolaner and 0.5 mg/kg milbemycin oxime) according the European label instructions. In this study, afoxolaner was administered at fortnighly interval for one month then at a monthly interval for two additional months and demonstrated > 99% reduction in mite counts. canis has been demonstrated in one laboratory study involving naturally infested animals conducted in South Africa. Among the isoxazolines, the efficacy of afoxolaner against D. Recently, a new class of insecticides/acaricides, the isoxazolines, demonstrated very good efficacy against many ectoparasites of dogs and cats: fleas and ticks, but also mites, including Otodectes cynotis, Sarcoptes scabiei, Lynxacarus radovskyi and Demodex canis. Many treatment protocols in the field include off label use of macrocyclic lactone, providing variable efficacy with potential for toxicity, especially in dogs carrying MDR-1 gene mutations. Only a few drugs and formulations, either topical or systemic, are registered. Generalised demodicosis is a very challenging disease to treat effectively. Alternatively, skin biopsy or hair plucks may also be performed. Suspicion of demodicosis based on clinical signs has to be confirmed by the detection of mites in deep skin scrapings. Secondary severe bacterial infections are frequent. In the case of generalised demodicosis, the affected areas are frequently erythematous, with comedones, hair loss, follicular papules to pustules, and scales. Recently, it has been proposed that localised demodicosis is characterised as no more than four lesions with a diameter of up to 2.5 cm, while canine generalised demodicosis is characterised by five or more affected areas, or by lesions covering an entire region of the body, and/or demodectic podal dermatitis involving two or more paws. It may evolve from the localised condition or occur spontaneously especially in older animals with underlying diseases. Generalised demodicosis is more severe and can even be fatal if a secondary bacterial infection develops. It can regress spontaneously without treatment. The localised form appears as patches of alopecia and mild erythema in limited areas of the body, usually in young dogs, although it may also affect older ones. Canine demodicosis is classically divided into two main clinical manifestations, i.e. The evolution from asymptomatic carriage to skin disease may be related to a particular cellular immunodeficiency allowing the multiplication of the mites, although the pathogenesis is not yet elucidated. Puppies acquire mites from their mother in the first days of their life through direct skin contact. ![]() A small number of mites are usually considered as a normal component of the dog’s skin microbiota, but their proliferation leads to a potentially serious condition. ![]() It is a parasitic disease caused by mites of the genus Demodex. Demodicosis is one of the most frequent skin conditions in dogs.
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